Systolic augmentation is now a generally accepted physiological concept. Arterial stiffening and wave reflections explain why in young subjects, SBP in the brachial artery is higher than in the ascending aorta, whereas in older subjects, both values tend to become similar. 1 As the arteries become stiffer with advancing age, the reflected waves return faster, reach the proximal aorta during systole, and cause augmentation of late systolic blood pressure (SBP), whereas diastolic pressure decreases. The arterial pressure wave consists of a forward component generated by the heart and reflected waves returning to the heart from peripheral sites. In conclusion, in younger subjects assessed cross-sectionally, the age-related increase was larger for central than peripheral SBP, whereas the corresponding cross-sectional estimates in older subjects and the longitudinal estimates in all subjects showed similar age-related increases in central and peripheral SBP. 1.34 % per year P–values for sex difference ⩽0.044). In longitudinal analyses, the annual percentage increases from baseline to follow-up in peripheral and central SBP were similar ( P ⩾0.76) in both women (2.14% vs. In multivariable-adjusted regression, age contributed ⩾89.7% of the explained variance in peripheral and central SBPs. Systolic augmentation pressure increased with age, but this increase was substantially smaller ( P<0.0001) for peripheral than central augmentation (women, 0.086 vs. Compared with men, women had steeper ( P<0.001) age-related increases in peripheral and central SBPs. 0.44 mm Hg per year P=0.79), the slopes of central and peripheral SBPs on age were similar. 0.48 mm Hg per year P<0.001), whereas in older women (0.64 vs. In cross-sectional analyses, central SBP increased more with age than peripheral SBP in women below age 50 (1.21 vs. We addressed this issue in 1066 women and 978 men, all untreated (mean age, 45.1 years 27.2% hypertensive) and randomly selected from a Chinese population, of whom 369 and 330 underwent a repeat examination after 3.6 years (median). Few studies have described the age-related changes in both peripheral and central systolic blood pressures (SBPs) in populations.
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